Electrical Power Systems Technology

Contents



Preface .................................................................................................................ix
UNIT I
POWER MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS AND

FUNDAMENTALS .................................................................... 1
Chapter 1 Power Measurement Fundamentals ....................................... 5

Units of Measurement—Conversion of SI Units—

Scientific Notation
Chapter 2 Power System Fundamentals ................................................. 15
The System Concept—Basic System Functions—A Simple
Electrical System Example—Energy, Work, and Power—Types
of Electrical Circuits—Power in DC Electrical Circuits—
Maximum Power Transfer—Overview of Alternating Current
(AC) Circuits—Vector and Phasor Diagrams—Impedance in
AC Circuits—Power Relationships in AC Circuits—Power
Relationships in Three—Phase Circuits
Chapter 3 Power Measurement Equipment ........................................... 59
Measurement Systems—Measuring Electrical Power—
Measuring Electrical Energy—Measuring Three-Phase Electrical
Energy—Frequency Measurement—Synchroscopes—
Ground -Fault Indicators—Megohmeters—Clamp-On Meters
Telemetering Systems
UNIT II ELECTRICAL POWER PRODUCTION SYSTEMS ............. 79
Chapter 4 Modern Power Systems .......................................................... 83
Electrical Power Plants—Fossil Fuel Systems—Steam Turbines—
Boilers—Hydroelectric Systems—Nuclear Fission Systems—
Operational Aspects of Modem Power Systems
Chapter 5 Alternative Power Systems ................................................... 117
Potential Power Sources—Solar Energy Systems—Geothermal
Power Systems—Wind Systems—Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)
Systems—Nuclear-Fusion Power Systems—Nuclear-Fusion
Methods—Future of Nuclear Fusion—Fuel-Cell Systems—Tidal
Power Systems—Coal-Gasification Fuel Systems—Oil-Shale
Fuel-Production Systems—Alternative Nuclear Power Plants—
Biomass Systems
vi Chapter 6 Alternating Current Power Systems ................................... 137
Electromagnetic Induction—Basic Generator Operation—
Single-Phase AC Power Systems—Single-Phase AC Generators—
Three-Phase AC Generators—High-Speed and Low-Speed
Generators—Generator Frequency—Generator Voltage
Regulation—Generator Efficiency
Chapter 7 Direct Current Power Systems ............................................. 157
DC Production Using Chemical Cells—Characteristics of Primary
Cells—Characteristics of Secondary Cells—DC Generating Sys-
tems—DC Conversion Systems—DC Filtering Methods—DC Reg-
ulation Methods UNIT III ELECTRICAL POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS ......... 203 Chapter 8 Power Distribution Fundamentals ...................................... 207
Overview of Electrical Power Distribution—Power Transmission
and Distribution—Radial, Ring, and Network Distribution
Systems—Use of Transformers for Power Distribution—
Conductors in Power Distribution Systems—Conductor Area—
Resistance of Conductors—Conductor Sizes and Types—
Ampacity of Conductors—Ampacity Tables—Use of Insulation in
Power Distribution Systems
Chapter 9 Power Distribution Equipment ............................................ 239
Equipment Used at Substations—Power System Protective
Equipment—Power Distribution Inside Industrial and
Commercial Buildings—The Electrical Service Entrance—Service
Entrance Terminology
Chapter 10 Single-Phase and Three-Phase

Distribution Systems ............................................................. 255
Single-Phase Systems— Three-Phase Systems—Grounding
of Distribution Systems—System Grounding—Ground-Fault
Protection—Wiring Design Considerations for Distribution
Systems—Branch Circuit Design Considerations—Feeder Circuit
Design Considerations—Determining Grounding Conductor
Size—Parts of Interior Electrical Wiring Systems
UNIT IV ELECTRICAL POWER CONVERSION SYSTEMS ........... 289 Chapter 11 Fundamentals of Electrical Loads ........................................ 293
Load Characteristics—Three-Phase Load Characteristics
Chapter 12 Heating Systems ..................................................................... 307
Basic Heating Loads—Electrical Welding Loads—Power
Considerations for Electric Welders—Electric Heating
and Air Conditioning Systems Chapter 13 Lighting Systems .................................................................... 327
Characteristics of Light—Electrical Lighting Circuits—
Branch Circuit Design—Lighting Fixture Design—
Factors in Determining Light Output
Chapter 14 Mechanical Systems

............................................................... 349
Basic Motor Principles—DC Motors—Specialized DC Motors—
Single-Phase AC Motors—Three-Phase AC Motors—Specialized
Mechanical Power Systems—Electric Motor Applications
UNIT V ELECTRICAL POWER CONTROL SYSTEMS .................. 401
Chapter 15 Power Control Devices .......................................................... 405
Power Control Standards, Symbols, and Definitions—Power
Control Using Switches—Control Equipment for Electric
Motors—other Electromechanical Power Control Equipment—
Electronic Power Control
Chapter 16 Operational Power Control Systems ................................... 427
Basic Control Systems—Motor—Starting Systems—
Specialized Control Systems—Frequency—Conversion
Systems—Programming the PLC
Chapter 17 Control Devices ...................................................................... 453
Silicon Controlled Rectifiers—SCR Construction—SCR I-V
Characteristics—DC Power Control with SCRs—AC Power
Control with SCRs—Triac Power Control—Triac Construction—
Triac Operation—Triac I-V Characteristics—Triac Applications—
Static Switching—Start-Stop Triac Control—Triac Variable Power
Control—Diac Power Control—Electronic Control Considerations